Today, Microsoft announced an exciting feature which is still rather limited, but a start of something nice.
Administrators can enforce security on OneDrive for Business, ensuring that their licensed business users can only sync their OneDrive account on a domain joined computer. Users will be unable to sync their OneDrive library on their personal, unsecured and unmanaged device.
Let’s hope this is soon extended to Windows 10 Azure Workplace Joined devices and any other devices that have been WorkPlace joined (Android, Apple, Windows 7+, Windows Phone).
For details on configuring this, check this technet article.